Diarrheal Diseases
Source:
- HIP. 2008. Washington, DC. United States Agency for International Development.
Summary:
- The toolkit was developed to provide people working in the HIV/AIDS field—especially USG PEPFAR Coordinators and USAID HIV field staff —with a set of flexible materials to raise their own understanding and help them facilitate better programming for WASH in PEPFAR Country Operational Plans. The aim is to help people at all levels to more effectively prevent diarrheal disease and other unnecessary illnesses, using simple, effective, low-input strategies that may have not been addressed by PEPFAR programs in the past. The emphasis of this programming guidance is to “mainstream” water, sanitation and hygiene interventions—to make them a regular part of all behavior change and education activities in HIV/AIDS programs.
Keywords:
Diarrheal Diseases Handwashing (Hand Washing) Household Water Treatment & Storage PEPFAR Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal Small Doable Actions Training Resources
Source:
- Lockwood K et al. 2006. Baltimore, MD. Catholic Relief Services
Summary:
- The assessment was commissioned by the WHO with the goal of producing evidence-based guidance on water and sanitation needs in home-based care strategies, particularly in resource-poor situations, and to lead to both practical and strategic recommendations at the programme and policy levels, while identifying the most critical measures to be taken by the health sector and the water and sanitation sector to provide short and medium-term solutions in the area of water, sanitation and hygiene support to home-based care. The findings indicate that the water and sanitation needs of HBC clients are severely unfulfilled. The already vulnerable HBC population is regularly falling ill due to diarrhea. Other illnesses and effects of poor water quality are also evident among the HBC clients. In addition, the HBC households are often required to travel long distances to their water sources, which is exceptionally difficult for ill clients.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Diarrheal Diseases Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Home-Based Care Household Water Treatment & Storage Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- Obi CL et al. 2006. Water SA, 32(3):323–344.
Summary:
- HIV/AIDS accounts for a substantial degree of morbidity and mortality in different age groups across the globe, but ripple effects are most devastating in developing countries. People with compromised immune systems are more prone to several diseases than individuals whose immune systems are not compromised by HIV/AIDS, and therefore have greater requirements for potable water. Improving water quality will lead to a decline in child and adult mortality and diarrhoeal diseases in people living with HIV/AIDS. The cross-paths between HIV/AIDS and water have long-term implications for effective water resource management and mainstreaming of HIV/AIDS in the water sector is of the utmost importance; in addition to providing safe water, supply points and latrines should be close to points of use, and appropriate water system design is required to reduce long distances caregivers and HIV/AIDS patients undertake to access safe water.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Diarrheal Diseases Evidence Base Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- HIP. 2006. Washington, DC. United States Agency for International Development.
Summary:
- As more people live with HIV and AIDS, comprehensive care, treatment and preventative services are necessary to help them live longer and healthier lives. Recognizing the importance of safe water, sanitation and hygiene promotion in protecting and caring for PLWHA, some organizations are integrating hygiene improvement into their HIV/AIDS
programs. The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, as part of its palliative care approach, has developed a Preventive Care Package that summarizes evidence-based interventions for PLWHA and their families in resource-poor settings. The purpose of this paper is to highlight discrete hygiene improvement activities that can be incorporated into HIV/ AIDS programs in different settings to help mitigate the impact of diarrhea on people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) and their families.
Keywords:
Diarrheal Diseases Handwashing (Hand Washing) Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) PEPFAR Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- Laurent P. 2005. Geneva. World Health Organization.
Summary:
- Poor water quality, sanitation and hygiene account for some 1.7 million deaths a year worldwide, mainly through infectious diarrhoea. Infections that do not occur in healthy persons due to the low pathogenicity or concentration of the microorganisms are more likely to occur in immunocompromised patients. The main objective of the water supply sector has always been to improve people's health by providing access to safe water supply and sanitation, so the growing number of immunosuppressed people, mainly in developing countries, makes it necessary to develop new concepts to protect these patients from infectious agents in drinking water.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Diarrheal Diseases Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Household Water Treatment & Storage Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- Mata L. 1988. Dialogue Diarrhoea, (35):3.
Summary:
- Patients with AIDS are particularly susceptible to gut colonization or invasion by common enteroviruses, resulting in acute diarrhea, chronic diarrhea, and wasting. Bacterial overgrowth may develop in the small intestine of AIDS victims, causing chronic diarrhea and malabsorption, and since gut pathogens are significantly more prevalent in developing countries, they are likely to play a greater role in AIDS than in developed countries. In addition, management of AIDS diarrhea is complicated by the difficulties in eliminating the agent and associated symptoms, and by the critical condition of the patient; thus, efforts to improve personal hygiene and environmental sanitation should be given a high priority in less developed countries.
Keywords:
Diarrheal Diseases Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Journal Articles People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Sanitation/Feces Disposal
