Handwashing (Hand Washing)
Source:
- WSP. 2007. Washington DC, Water and Sanitation Program.
Summary:
- People living with HIV and AIDS (PLHIV) require safe water, appropriate sanitation, and hygiene practices more than most, but time limitations, economic constraints, lack of household toilets, and water scarcity have been among the barriers to converting knowledge into practice. Although NGOs and networks of PLHIV have started incorporating messages on safe water and hygiene practices into their efforts, the communication is inconsistent and not always comprehensive. Having found limited field studies that document the connection between water, sanitation, hygiene, and HIV/ AIDS, The World Bank’s Water and Sanitation Program-South Asia conducted a study among a segment of PLHIV in the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. The study was followed by national and state-level consultations to disseminate findings, build consensus, and develop strategies to mainstream water, sanitation, and hygiene safety messaging into care and support programs for PLHIV.
Keywords:
Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- IRC. 2007. Delft, IRC International.Water and Sanitation Centre.
Summary:
- Strategies to care for people infected with HIV/AIDS and the correlation with water, sanitation and hygiene should be explored by asking questions such as: How does the family get water? Will there be any changes in the family’s water needs? If so, what might these be? What can be done to prolong the progression from HIV to AIDS? Exploring these questions, water, sanitation and hygiene needs of households affected by HIV/AIDS; links with home-based care and clinics for treatment, care and support; and the implications for policy makers, planners and health promoters, can be discussed together constructively.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Handwashing (Hand Washing) Healthcare Facilities Home-Based Care People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Policy Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- Lockwood K et al. 2006. Baltimore, MD. Catholic Relief Services
Summary:
- The assessment was commissioned by the WHO with the goal of producing evidence-based guidance on water and sanitation needs in home-based care strategies, particularly in resource-poor situations, and to lead to both practical and strategic recommendations at the programme and policy levels, while identifying the most critical measures to be taken by the health sector and the water and sanitation sector to provide short and medium-term solutions in the area of water, sanitation and hygiene support to home-based care. The findings indicate that the water and sanitation needs of HBC clients are severely unfulfilled. The already vulnerable HBC population is regularly falling ill due to diarrhea. Other illnesses and effects of poor water quality are also evident among the HBC clients. In addition, the HBC households are often required to travel long distances to their water sources, which is exceptionally difficult for ill clients.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Diarrheal Diseases Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Home-Based Care Household Water Treatment & Storage Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- HIP. 2006. Washington, DC. United States Agency for International Development.
Summary:
- As more people live with HIV and AIDS, comprehensive care, treatment and preventative services are necessary to help them live longer and healthier lives. Recognizing the importance of safe water, sanitation and hygiene promotion in protecting and caring for PLWHA, some organizations are integrating hygiene improvement into their HIV/AIDS
programs. The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, as part of its palliative care approach, has developed a Preventive Care Package that summarizes evidence-based interventions for PLWHA and their families in resource-poor settings. The purpose of this paper is to highlight discrete hygiene improvement activities that can be incorporated into HIV/ AIDS programs in different settings to help mitigate the impact of diarrhea on people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) and their families.
Keywords:
Diarrheal Diseases Handwashing (Hand Washing) Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) PEPFAR Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- Laurent P. 2005. Geneva. World Health Organization.
Summary:
- Poor water quality, sanitation and hygiene account for some 1.7 million deaths a year worldwide, mainly through infectious diarrhoea. Infections that do not occur in healthy persons due to the low pathogenicity or concentration of the microorganisms are more likely to occur in immunocompromised patients. The main objective of the water supply sector has always been to improve people's health by providing access to safe water supply and sanitation, so the growing number of immunosuppressed people, mainly in developing countries, makes it necessary to develop new concepts to protect these patients from infectious agents in drinking water.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Diarrheal Diseases Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Household Water Treatment & Storage Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- Kiongo JM. 2005. Delft, IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
Summary:
- A case study on water supply and sanitation conditions and policies in Kenya in the context of the Millennium Development Goals and HIV/AIDS . The study aims to facilitate learning on how HIV/AIDS affects the water and sanitation sector, and how administrators and policy makers may respond to, and cope with the effects of the disease. It provides an overview of water sector conditions and policies in Kenya in the light of Millennium Development Goals; insights into the relationship of these goals and their realization with the broader context of poverty, water resources conditions and management, and HIV/AIDS; illustrations of the influence of the epidemics on attitudes and coping strategies with examples of community and agency/project experiences; and lessons and recommendations on how administrators, policy makers, and donors can better cope with the disease and its implications for the water sectors.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Best Practices and Lessons Learned Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Policy Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- Kamminga E, Wegelin-Schuringa M. 2005 . Delft, IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre
Summary:
- HIV is not spread via contaminated water or poor hygiene. But a Thematic Overview Paper (TOP) on HIV/AIDS and the intersection with the water, sanitation and hygiene (WSH) sector is needed to address the devastating impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on WSH service providers; the changing demands for WSH services brought about by the effects of HIV/AIDS on households and communities, and reasons improved WSH services have a crucial role to play in slowing the progression of HIV/ AIDS. The topic is relevant not only for regions highly affected by the epidemic (mainly in Africa), but also for those with rapidly increasing infection rates, such as Asia and Eastern Europe. Topics addressed include effect on sanitation organizations and service provision, and lessons learned in preventing and mitigating the effects of HIV/AIDS from outside and inside the water and sanitation sector.
Keywords:
Best Practices and Lessons Learned Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Household Water Treatment & Storage Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- WELL Project. 2004. London, UK
Summary:
- The socio-economic impacts of HIV and AIDS are not often highlighted, even though their effects are not limited to those diagnosed: water and sanitation sectors often pay little attention to the impact of HIV/AIDS on the social and economic feasibility and sustainability of water supply in rural areas; increasing HIV/AIDS cases in rural areas make already inadequate water and sanitation situations for domestic and agricultural use dire; and home-based care for the terminally ill requires not only clean water and safe solid waste disposal for patients, but access to a convenient, reliable, safe, and sufficient water supply, as well as basic sanitation, to ease the burden on caregivers. Strategies to integrate water and sanitation with HIV/AIDS are necessary and must meet the challenge to ensure all development sectors incorporate, in a strategic way, issues such as prevention, care, and mitigation of HIV/AIDS, and policymakers and sector programs give high priority to water supply, sanitation, and hygiene promotion in areas with a high incidence of the disease.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Handwashing (Hand Washing) Home-Based Care Household Water Treatment & Storage Policy Programming Guidance Sanitation/Feces Disposal
Source:
- Kgalushi R, Smits S, Eales K. 2004. Johannesburg, South Africa. The Mvula Trust and Delft, IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
Summary:
- In South Africa, HIV/AIDS is approached primarily as a health issue; the social implications and poverty dimensions of HIV /AIDS, while recognised in policy, have not yet been translated adequately into practice. Provision of affordable, accessible and reliable public services, including reliable delivery of good quality water, and sound basic sanitation, is critical to reduce exposure to pathogens to which HIV-positive people are particularly vulnerable, support health maintenance, and reduce stress for people living with HIV/AIDS. Where water and sanitation services are inadequate or inaccessible, the time and monetary costs of accessing good quality water, in sufficient quantities, are high, particularly for HIV-infected people and their care-givers.
Keywords:
Accessing Water Evidence Base Handwashing (Hand Washing) Household Water Treatment & Storage People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) Sanitation/Feces Disposal
